In the article, you will learn about the key conclusions of the analysis of fires in Russia for the third quarter of 2023
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Today we will talk about the continuation of missile terror against the civilian population of Ukraine by Russia, in particular through the use of missiles of the X-101/X-555 type, known as “cruise missiles”. The main focus is on the activities of the Russian design bureau “Raduga”, located in the city of Dubna, Moscow region, which is the key manufacturer of these missiles.
O. Ya. Bereznyak Joint-Stock Company GosMKB “Raduga” named after O.Ya. Bereznyak, although it has a name more associated with a health resort of Soviet times, is actually a plant whose specialization includes the production of a wide range of weapons. It is the main customer for the production of missiles for the Smolensk Aviation Plant, in in May 2004 it became part of the military holding JSC “Tactical Missile Arms Corporation”. The founder is the Federal Agency for State Property Management (Rosmayno). The main field of activity of this enterprise is the development and production of “cruise missiles” of various classes, such as “air-to-ground”, land-to-land and ship-to-ship.
The official website of “Raduga” states that the company also develops and produces “high-tech equipment” for various sectors of the economy (wind energy, agriculture, light industry and medicine). Thus, it can be seen that the Raduga plant has a wide range of activities and is engaged in the development of Russian technologies and equipment for various branches of the regional economy.
As of January 2023, more than 20 production buildings, warehouses and buildings are known on the territory of this enterprise.
On the night of June 13, Russian troops attacked Ukraine with Kh-101 and Kh-555 missiles. Air defense units neutralized 11 out of 13 air targets. One of the rockets hit a house in Kryvyi Rih, killing 12 people. These deadly missiles were most likely manufactured at the Laduga plant. After all, missiles of the X-101 and X-555 types are included in the list of manufactured products. According to the technical specifications, these missiles fly only 10 meters from the target, which once again proves that civilian houses remain a priority target for the Russian military.
Now let’s analyze each name of rockets produced by this company in more detail.
This missile was presented in August 2022 at the “Army-2022″ exhibition. This is a modification of the Kh-59MK2 missile. It is equipped with a combined navigation and automatic control system based on an inertial system that interacts with the GLONASS and GPS NAVSTAR navigation systems. This missile can potentially be launched from various platforms, including aircraft, ships, ground stations. It can be used as part of the armed complexes of Su-57, Su-35, Su-30MK, Su-34, ” MiG-35″, “MiG-29K”.
And it is really more difficult to knock it down. It is suitable for various military scenarios. But X-69, judging by the specified characteristics, has a number of significant disadvantages. First, it can become an easy target for modern air defense systems such as the NASAMS air defense system, for example. Second, this missile has limited accuracy and is poorly maneuverable.
The AGM-158 JASSM (Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile) can be called one of the American analogues of the “X-69”. It is also used for strikes against air, land and sea targets. But the AGM-158 JASSM is more accurate due to the use of GPS and inertial navigation. It also has the ability to maneuver during flight, which means that the missile “survives” in combat longer. Also, the American counterpart has a stealth coating, which reduces its radar visibility.
The predecessor of these missiles was the Kh-59 missile, created in the 1970s. Of course, these modifications have been modernized: the X-59MK is used by Russia to destroy radar ground targets. They have high accuracy, but poor maneuverability in flight: the X-59MK2 can only hit stationary ground targets with precise coordinates and has limited maneuverability; The Kh-59MKM is designed to hit stationary ground and surface targets; The Kh-59MKM is designed to hit stationary ground and surface targets. It is equipped with a SNAU-59MK-02 navigation and automatic control system with satellite correction. Let’s consider the modifications of this rocket in more detail:
Х-59МЭ:
It is used in the OVOD-ME missile complex.
It is equipped with a navigation system, an automatic control mode and a television-command guidance system.
Maximum range: 115 km, flight speed: 600-1100 km/h.
Х-59МК:
Air-to-ground guided long-range cruise missile.
Damage to radar surface targets.
Modification of the Kh-59ME missile with a television command guidance system.
Maximum range: 285 km, flight speed: 900-1050 km/h.
Х-59МК2:
A modified version of the Kh-59MK missile.
Can be used to hit stationary ground targets with precise coordinates.
Maximum range: 285 km, flight speed: 900-1050 km/h.
Possible deviation from the set point: 3-5 m.
Х-59МКМ:
Modernized version of “X-59MK2”.
Increased range to hit stationary ground and surface targets.
Equipped with navigation and automatic control system “SNAU-59MK-02” with satellite correction.
Maximum range: 285 km, maximum speed: 1050 km/h at an altitude of 15 m-2 km.
All these Kh-59 missiles can hit various targets with a significant flight range, and some have the ability to precisely hit coordinates.
Strategic air-to-surface cruise missile; series production began in 2012, but development began in 1995; used as part of the Tu-160 and Tu-95MS aviation weapon complexes; used as part of Tu-160 and Tu-95MS aviation weapon systems.
Created on the basis of the “X-55”. Equipped with satellite navigation and inertial navigation system Tercom. The carriers are Tu-95 and Tu-160 strategic aircraft. This missile was adopted by the Russian Ministry of Defense in 2010. And on November 17, 2015, the Russians bombed Aleppo and Idlib in Syria with these missiles. Although the exact cost of this missile is not publicly available, it is believed that its cost could be as high as $1 million.
Missiles of this type are designed as anti-radiation missiles. Intended to hit radar and air defense stations, command posts and ground-based anti-aircraft complexes. It is used in all weather conditions, has an autonomous control system and a head with homing mode. It is used as part of the armed complexes of Su-24MK, Su-22M4, Su-25TK, and MiG-25BM aircraft.
It is an anti-radar missile with a radar homing head, a platformless navigation system based on GPS and an automatic control system. It is intended for defeating ground radar stations operating in the mode of pulsed radiation in the frequency range of 1.2-11 GHz. It can be used from the external suspension of an aircraft equipped with a targeting and ejection system.
According to a December 2022 article, Russia’s defense complex is unable to produce more than 40 missiles per month.
This plant also manufactures missile complexes.
“Moskit-E” is an anti-ship missile system designed to attack ships and transports of naval strike groups and amphibious assault units, which develop a speed of less than 100 knots, in the presence of radar countermeasures. The missile guidance system is equipped with navigation and autonomous guidance systems, as well as the main homing part. The system uses anti-ship, supersonic, low-altitude cruise missiles of the ZM-80E or ZM-80E1 type with a maximum range of 120 km for the ZM-80E missile and 100 km for the ZM-80E1, a flight speed of 2,800 km/h and an interval between launches of 5 seconds when firing a volley .
“Moskit-MVE” is a modified version of the same “Moskit-E” complex with an increased firing range. The complex uses anti-ship missiles “3M-80MVE” with a combined flight path — the high part of the flight at an altitude of ~12 km and the final part of the flight – 40-45 km at an altitude of 10-20 m. The maximum firing range along the combined trajectory is 240 km, the minimum – 12 km
“OVOD-ME” is also produced at “Raduza” – it is a complex of missile weapons designed to hit stationary ground and surface targets according to precise coordinates and visually visible to the launch operator. The complex uses air guided missiles “X-59ME”, which we wrote about above.
Trains depart from Moscow’s Savelovsky station at 7:32 a.m. every day. Travel time – 2 hours 44 minutes. This train goes to the city of Dubna. Located on the banks of a picturesque reservoir, the city is a tourist town with a “special atmosphere”. Tourist guides note that an integral feature of the city’s atmosphere is the “rocket” monument at the intersection of Zhukovsky and Makarenko streets and… They indicate that it is radioactive. Nuclear physics research is conducted here. The Raduga factory is also located here, where rockets that kill Ukrainians are manufactured.
Probably, the territory of the KB looks like this:
The design bureau has several branches in different regions of Russia:
military airfield: Russia, Astrakhan Region, Akhtubinsk district, Akhtubinsk-7, d. 85141, c. 30993;
Russia, 214006, Smolensk Region, Smolensk, st. Frunze, 74 (address of the Smolensk Aircraft Factory);
Russia, Moscow region, Zhukovsky, str. Tupoleva, d. 2A. At this address is FSUE “MNII “Agat” (part of “Concern VKO “Almaz – Antey”), as well as the S. V. Ilyushin Aviation Complex (part of PJSC “United Aircraft Corporation”).
And also has representative offices:
Russia, 107076, Moscow, str. Matroska Tysha, 23/7, room 5.
Development of the enterprise, expansion and modernization of production, increase in financing – all this gradually happened at the plant during the last two decades. In 2016, the company was actively building a new building, and in March 2018, local media reported the completion of the construction of a new production building with a total area of 4,671.2 m². The building is located at coordinates 56.749574, 37.119395.
Also on the territory of the enterprise, at coordinates 56.751584, 37.125031, in the period from 2010 to 2014 (1, 2) a group of three administrative buildings was built:
According to satellite images, at the end of 2021, before the start of a full-scale Russian war in Ukraine, another production facility appeared on the territory of the KB, which has not yet appeared in the news and is absent from Yandex images (56.749920, 37.120997).
There is a photo of the premises of one of the production buildings on the network. With this active construction, the company had good financial indicators. As of December 2017, the value of the net assets of KB “Raduga” was $96.5 million.
Another proof of the planned preparation of the Russian Federation for a full-scale war can be the fact that in 2018 the “Raduga” Design Bureau began to actively hire new employees. If in 2017 there were almost 1,400 employees, then in 2020 the average number of employees of “Naukograd” in the city of Dubna, which includes “Raduga” KB, was 12.26k, which is 2.5% less than in 2019
In October 2022, a dormitory was opened for employees of the design bureau (KB) on the street. 13 programmers, room 1, 65 employees from the dormitory on the street were to be relocated there. Svobody 18, which is to be renovated and used as housing for non-family employees of KB from other cities. In the same month, a 2-story building on the street was purchased. Youth 11, as a dormitory for employees, had to be repaired before being put into operation.
Also, in November 2022, an announcement on the recruitment of employees was published on the official website of the local self-government bodies of the city of Dubna, Moscow region. In addition, in October and November 2022, KB “Raduga” concluded (1, 2, 3, 4) leasing contracts for a total of 8 vehicles, probably for the transportation of employees. As of January 2023, 35 vacancies are open in 2 areas: production and mechanical engineering.
Laduga’s license was also revised: in 2009, the company received permission to handle sources of ionizing radiation (except for medical activities) and to install a special lamp that changes color every five minutes and emits a lethal dose of radiation. There is nothing magical or “rainbow” about this permission. The job involves working with nuclear fuel and managing nuclear reactors. The second option is industry. The third option is the production of radioisotopes for scientific research and, finally, industrial processes in metallurgy, where, for example, radioactive radiation is used to measure the thickness of materials and search for cracks and defects in metal structures.
In 2013, the company received four more licenses L008-00102-77/00345360. All these licenses relate to the development, production, testing, repair, disposal and sale of weapons and military equipment.
According to the ZMU, in September 2021, an unnamed source from the military-diplomatic sphere stated that by the end of 2021, the Russian Federation would begin supplying the Kh-59MKM missiles to the first foreign customer.
In 2020, “Raduga” delivered (1, 2) to the Chinese customer Poly Technologies Inc. PVP for a total amount of $145.53m (there were 2 facts of deliveries).
It is also known that “Raduga” had trade relations in 2022 with the Egyptian arms administration for the amount of $67.74m:
05/10/2022. The price of the deal is $2.2m. They sold military products (PVP). It is not known which one exactly.
05/10/2022. The price of the deal is $65.54m. PVP KAT was sold. 8, 8,2 (Spare parts, aggregates, assemblies, devices, component products, equipment (including non-standardized, as well as intended for landfills), equipment, tools, liquid rocket fuels and their components, special, educational and auxiliary property to military products of category 8 (bombs, grenades, torpedoes, mines, rockets, cartridges and similar means of warfare), including military fuel and lubricants, oils and paraffins.
In August 2022, at the “Army-2022” exhibition, JSC “Raduga” GosMKB named after A. Ya. Bereznyak” received from the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation a contract for the production of long-range cruise missiles of the air-to-ground class, it is probably the “X-69” or “X-59MK” / “X-59MK2” aviation cruise missile presented at the exhibition “. Also, KB received a contract for the supply of anti-aircraft missiles, probably “X-58E” and “X-58USHKE”.
In total, from February 2013 to March 2022, the plant has 3,481 purchases under the federal procurement law (223 — funds for the tender are allocated from the state budget) for a total amount of $459.7m (33.58b rubles). According to the 44th federal law (this is when the company independently allocates funds for procurement), they have 23 procurements for a total amount of $11.87m (865.8m rubles). Also, from June 2014 to May 2017, “Raduga” was a supplier for 17 state contracts for a total amount of 57m rubles, but the most – for JSC “Smolensky Aviation Plant” – there were 12 deliveries for the amount of 49.1m rubles.
According to the volume of purchases in rubles carried out by KB “Raduga” from February 2013 to March 2022, the volume of purchases decreased.
The salary for the position “CNC machine operator” is 20 thousand rubles, which is a little more than $ 200. In July 2022, a former employee of “Raduga” KB left (1, 2) feedback, where he indicated that the equipment is outdated, the attitude towards employees is biased, and the salary is low. This is confirmed by the data of the review site. In August 2022, a former operator of CNC machine tools at the “Raduga” KB indicated that there are warehouses with tools in the workshops, the relationship to production preparation is “improper”, and the equipment is outdated. In addition, he noted that nepotism is widespread in the KB. In October 2022, the former design engineer also noted that the company should improve the management’s attitude towards employees.
Despite the low salaries and contemptuous attitude of the management, in December 2022 it was announced that 700 KB employees donated 1.5 million rubles for “the needs of servicemen and their families who participated in so-called special operations.”
Due to the war in Ukraine in 2022, the plant was sanctioned by the US, EU, Canada, Japan, Switzerland and Ukraine as part of the Russian military-industrial base and a company that produces weapons that Russia uses to attack the population, infrastructure and territory of Ukraine.
Sergey Anatolievich Bogatikov (Сергей Анатолиевич Багатиков) is the head of the enterprise, born on August 4, 1972.
VK (del), MyMir, ICQ, [email protected], [email protected],
+79857682205,
TIN: 770304117100,
SNILS 02088383247,
passport 4505193324)
– the general director, appointed in July 2022. In “MoyMir” he states that he studied at the Moscow Aviation Institute.
Bogatykov was appointed general director of the Raduga CB in July 2022, before that, from 1993, the general director was Trusov Vladimir Nikolayovich (born 05.14.1942), bio, passport 46 01 530640). Trusov remained in the position of scientific supervisor.
According to the insider, in 2000-2004 he worked in the aviation design bureau – OJSC “Tupolev”, in 2000 he was the head of the Coordination Center. In 2012, he held the position of Vice President for Economics and Finance, and in 2013, First Vice President – Director of Program Management, and in 2014, he became First Deputy General Director.
Also, according to the insider, in 2002 he received income from LLC “Aviaas” (LLC “Aviaas”) (discontinued in 2012), in 2001-2003 – from LLC “SP Prospect International” (LLC “SP Prospect International”) and OJSC “AERK” (PJSC “AERK”) — both legal entities engaged in consulting on issues of commercial activity and management.
From 2019 to 2022, he was the general director of the developer of UAVs such as “Orion” and “Sirius” from JSC “Kronstadt” (JSC “Kronstadt”). At the same time, he was the head of the second legal entity of Kronstadt — Intellectual Technical Solutions LLC.
In January 2022, the Minister of Industry and Trade Denis Manturov and the Minister of Defense Sergei Shoigu visited the Kronstadt plant in Dubna.
Address: Moscow, str. Velika Bronna 2/6, sq. 35.
Yeltuhan Kimashevich Sizdykov is the first deputy general director
1956 р.н.
+79162121728,
Utrivanov Anatoly Petrovych — Deputy General Director – Chief Engineer
08.10.1957
+74959884270,
+79169013055,
Usov Aleksandr Aleksandrovich — deputy general director for security and personnel – head of the HR and social policy department
16.03.1958
+79032560199
Valery Eduardovich Prokh is an advisor to the general director
18.12.1952
+79037926750
Viktor Yakovlev is a leading designer
20.10.1962
Veniamin Ivanovich Nirkovskaya — general director of “Raduga-15”
+79166515919
Dmitry Igorevich Poddubinsky is a leading engineer
21.10.1984
+79262727433
Natalya Anatolyevna Molchanova — Head of Procurement (1, 2, 3)
+74962199168
They build these enterprises, increase the range of offensive weapons and significantly increase the number of employees. And even the fact that these factories have low salaries, old equipment, bad attitudes and nepotism does not cancel the fact that Russia continues to “rivet” weapons aimed at destroying Ukrainians.
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